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5.4.3. Andere dpkg-Merkmale

Bevor wir dieses Kapitel abschließen, möchten wir noch anmerken, dass einige dpkg-Optionen die interne Datenbank abfragen, um Informationen zu erhalten. Wir führen hierzu folgende Beispiele zunächst in der langen Version und dann der entsprechenden kurzen Version (die natürlich dieselben Parameter haben kann) an: --listfiles paket (oder -L), listet die von diesem Paket installierten Dateien auf; --search datei (oder -S), stellt das Paket fest, aus dem die Datei stammt; --status paket (oder -s), zeigt die Kopfzeilen eines installierten Pakets an; --list (oder -l), zeigt eine Liste der Pakete an, die dem System bekannt sind, und ihren Installationsstatus; --contents datei.deb (oder -c), führt die in dem genannten Debian-Paket enthaltenen Dateien auf; --info datei.deb (oder -I), zeigt die Kopfzeilen des Debian-Pakets an.
Beispiel 5.5. Verschiedene Anfragen mit dpkg
$ dpkg -L base-passwd
/.
/usr
/usr/sbin
/usr/sbin/update-passwd
/usr/share
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/ru
/usr/share/man/ru/man8
/usr/share/man/ru/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/pl
/usr/share/man/pl/man8
/usr/share/man/pl/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8
/usr/share/man/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/fr
/usr/share/man/fr/man8
/usr/share/man/fr/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/doc-base
/usr/share/doc-base/users-and-groups
/usr/share/base-passwd
/usr/share/base-passwd/passwd.master
/usr/share/base-passwd/group.master
/usr/share/lintian
/usr/share/lintian/overrides
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/base-passwd
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/copyright
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/changelog.gz
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.txt.gz
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/README
$ dpkg -S /bin/date
coreutils: /bin/date
$ dpkg -s coreutils
Package: coreutils
Essential: yes
Status: install ok installed
Priority: required
Section: utils
Installed-Size: 12188
Maintainer: Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org>
Architecture: i386
Version: 8.5-1
Replaces: mktemp, timeout
Pre-Depends: libacl1 (>= 2.2.11-1), libattr1 (>= 2.4.41-1), libc6 (>= 2.6), libselinux1 (>= 1.32)
Conflicts: timeout
Description: GNU core utilities
 This package contains the basic file, shell and text manipulation
 utilities which are expected to exist on every operating system.
 .
 Specifically, this package includes:
 arch base64 basename cat chcon chgrp chmod chown chroot cksum comm cp
 csplit cut date dd df dir dircolors dirname du echo env expand expr
 factor false flock fmt fold groups head hostid id install join link ln
 logname ls md5sum mkdir mkfifo mknod mktemp mv nice nl nohup nproc od
 paste pathchk pinky pr printenv printf ptx pwd readlink rm rmdir runcon
 sha*sum seq shred sleep sort split stat stty sum sync tac tail tee test
 timeout touch tr true truncate tsort tty uname unexpand uniq unlink
 users vdir wc who whoami yes
Homepage: http://gnu.org/software/coreutils
$ dpkg -l 'b*' | head
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                   Version    Description
+++-===================-==========-============================================
un  backupninja         <none>    (no description available)
un  base                <none>    (no description available)
un  base-config         <none>    (no description available)
ii  base-files          4          Debian base system miscellaneous files
ii  base-passwd         3.5.11     Debian base system master password and group
$ dpkg -c /var/cache/apt/archives/iceweasel_2.0.0.18-0etch1_i386.deb

drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2008-11-23 23:18 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2008-11-23 23:16 ./etc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2008-11-23 23:18 ./etc/iceweasel/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2008-11-23 23:18 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      7138 2006-08-19 08:04 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/bookmarks.html
-rw-r--r-- root/root       153 2006-09-14 19:13 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/localstore.rdf
-rw-r--r-- root/root      3287 2005-02-01 18:36 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/search.rdf
-rw-r--r-- root/root       287 2004-11-30 22:26 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/mimeTypes.rdf
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2008-11-23 23:18 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/chrome/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      1078 2004-11-30 22:26 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/chrome/userChrome-example.css
-rw-r--r-- root/root       663 2004-11-30 22:26 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/chrome/userContent-example.css
-rw-r--r-- root/root       347 2004-07-28 23:20 ./etc/iceweasel/profile/prefs.js
-rw-r--r-- root/root        53 2008-11-23 22:43 ./etc/iceweasel/iceweaselrc
[...]
$ dpkg -I /var/cache/apt/archives/iceweasel_2.0.0.18-0etch1_i386.deb
 new Debian package, version 2.0.
 size 9126828 bytes : control file = 37297 bytes.
     346 bytes,     9 lines      conffiles            
    1255 bytes,    20 lines      control              
  122920 bytes,  1249 lines      md5sums              
    1267 bytes,    37 lines   *  postinst             #!/bin/sh
     293 bytes,     8 lines   *  postrm               #!/bin/sh
    2763 bytes,    70 lines   *  preinst              #!/bin/sh
     274 bytes,    12 lines   *  prerm                #!/bin/sh
 Package: iceweasel
 Version: 2.0.0.18-0etch1
 Section: web
 Priority: optional
 Architecture: i386
 Depends: fontconfig, psmisc, debianutils (>= 1.16), libatk1.0-0 (>= 1.12.2), libc6 (>= 2.3.6-6)...
 Suggests: iceweasel-gnome-support (= 2.0.0.18-0etch1), latex-xft-fonts, xprint, mozplugger, libkrb53
 Conflicts: mozilla-firefox (<< 1.5.dfsg-1), firefox (<< 2.0+dfsg-1)
 Replaces: mozilla-firefox, firefox (<< 2.0+dfsg-1)
 Provides: www-browser
 Installed-Size: 26364
 Maintainer: Eric Dorland <eric@debian.org>
 Description: lightweight web browser based on Mozilla
  Iceweasel is a redesign of the Mozilla browser component, similar to
  Galeon, K-Meleon and Camino, but written using the XUL user interface
  language and designed to be lightweight and cross-platform.
  .
  This browser is based on the Firefox source-code, with minor
  modifications. Historically, this browser was previously known as
  Firebird and Phoenix.